
% Table generated with cell2latex.m  on  13-Jan-2022 12:28:21

\begin{table}[H]
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\caption{RD Estimates of Platform Pop-Up Effects\label{tab:RDpopup}}
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  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(1)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(2)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(3)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(4)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{ } &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(5)}\\
 &\multicolumn{2}{c}{All} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{2018} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{2019} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{ } &\multicolumn{1}{c}{2020}\\\cline{2-3}
  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{IV} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{ } &\multicolumn{1}{c}{}\\\midrule

\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{\textit{A. Balance}} \\
Economically Vulnerable  & -0.004 &  & -0.014 & 0.016 &   & -0.012 \\ 
  & (0.010) &  & (0.029) & (0.018) &   & (0.013) \\ 
Rural  & -0.007 &  & -0.002 & -0.009 &   & -0.008 \\ 
  & (0.003) &  & (0.007) & (0.005) &   & (0.003) \\ 
\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{\textit{B. Choice Behavior}} \\
Any modification  & 0.214 &  & 0.164 & 0.217 &   & 0.224 \\ 
  & (0.010) &  & (0.025) & (0.018) &   & (0.013) \\ 
Add any  & 0.216 &  & 0.176 & 0.224 &   & 0.223 \\ 
  & (0.010) &  & (0.024) & (0.018) &   & (0.013) \\ 
Schools Added  & 0.340 & 1.573 & 0.379 & 0.317 &   & 0.344 \\ 
  & (0.026) & (0.090) & (0.068) & (0.050) &   & (0.033) \\ 
$\Delta$ Risk  & -0.033 & -0.155 & -0.039 & -0.040 &   & -0.029 \\ 
  & (0.003) & (0.013) & (0.009) & (0.007) &   & (0.004) \\ 
Add as first  & -0.003 & -0.012 & -0.007 & -0.005 &   & -0.000 \\ 
  & (0.003) & (0.013) & (0.008) & (0.005) &   & (0.003) \\ 
Add to middle  & 0.017 & 0.078 & 0.017 & 0.023 &   & 0.014 \\ 
  & (0.004) & (0.018) & (0.012) & (0.007) &   & (0.005) \\ 
Add as last  & 0.205 & 0.949 & 0.172 & 0.207 &   & 0.213 \\ 
  & (0.009) & (0.018) & (0.023) & (0.017) &   & (0.012) \\ 
Drop any  & -0.001 & -0.003 & -0.009 & 0.018 &   & -0.008 \\ 
  & (0.004) & (0.019) & (0.010) & (0.008) &   & (0.005) \\ 
Re-order  & 0.014 & 0.065 & 0.026 & 0.005 &   & 0.015 \\ 
  & (0.005) & (0.022) & (0.013) & (0.009) &   & (0.006) \\ 
\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{\textit{C. Choice outcome}} \\
Placed to preference  & 0.038 & 0.178 & 0.033 & 0.086 &   & 0.020 \\ 
  & (0.009) & (0.041) & (0.026) & (0.018) &   & (0.011) \\ 
Enrolled in placed  & 0.024 & 0.113 & 0.008 & 0.055 &   & 0.018 \\ 
  & (0.010) & (0.049) & (0.029) & (0.020) &   & (0.013) \\ 
Enrolled in placed$|$placed  & -0.006 & -0.025 & -0.021 & -0.009 &   & 0.003 \\ 
  & (0.011) & (0.045) & (0.031) & (0.022) &   & (0.013) \\ 
\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{\textit{D. Congestion-related outcomes}} \\
Add any undersubscribed  & 0.073 & 0.339 & 0.052 & 0.081 &   & 0.075 \\ 
  & (0.007) & (0.026) & (0.016) & (0.012) &   & (0.009) \\ 
$\Delta$ prob. placed to undersubscribed  & 0.019 & 0.088 & 0.015 & 0.032 &   & 0.014 \\ 
  & (0.003) & (0.014) & (0.008) & (0.007) &   & (0.004) \\ 
   &   &   &   &   &   &   \\ 
NL  & 20,359 & 20,359 & 2,834 & 6,076 &   & 11,449 \\ 
%  &  &  &  &  &   &  \\ 
NR  & 21,145 & 21,145 & 2,776 & 6,015 &   & 12,354 \\ 
%  &  &  &  &  &   &  \\ 
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\floatfoot{\scriptsize
\textit{Notes. }Local linear RD estimates of pop-up effects from warning pop-up on application platform. Computed using triangular kernel with bandwidth 0.1. Heteroskedasticity-robust nearest neighbor variance estimator with minimum of 3 neighbors reported in parentheses; computed as in \citet{calonico2014robust}. We report estimates in the pooled sample and for each year. IV (column 2) shows the instrumental variable specifications, where the endogenous regressor is the add any school indicator. Panel A: predetermined covariates. Panel B: measures of choice behavior from initial to final application. $\Delta$ risk is change in application risk from first to final attempt. ``Add to X'' are additions of schools in given place on list, relative to initial application submission. Panel C: outcomes of choice process. ``Enrolled in placed'' is equal to one for students who receive a placement and enroll in the placed school. ``Enrolled in placed $|$ placed'' is the enrollment rate in the placed school, conditional on receiving a placement. Panel D: congestion attributes of behavior and placement outcomes. ``Undersubscribed'' schools are those with excess capacity. 
}
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